Notes for a reflection on the instituting praxis of the common in human evolution

Abstract

Starting from a conceptualization of the common, this writing seeks to provide a bio-philosophical perspective on moral behaviors and the possibility of thinking-making worlds guided by the principle of mutual cooperation, without selfishness.
Firstly, reference will be made to the deterministic vision of genetics supported by the theory of natural selection of species that maintains the preeminence in living beings of competition among themselves in order to survive and that led to the formulation of the thesis of selfish gene. Then, in a questioning of this position, based on a non-linear-holistic approach to genetics, evidence will be provided that natural selection favored not only altruistic behaviors that in the long run benefit the individual who performs them, but also genuinely altruistic motivations. .
The stable existence of cooperation implies that moral motivation necessarily includes altruistic elements: we cooperate with others taking it as an end and not as a means. We thus conclude that the institution of the commons in its different expressions and historical times responds to altruistic motivations that emerged in human evolution.