Asociación entre el bajo nivel de vitamina B12 y deterioro cognitivo en adultos mayores del Centro Médico Naval del Perú: Association between low level of vitamin B12 and cognitive impairment in older adults from the Naval Medical Center of Peru

Andrés Cabrera Gamonal; Carlos D. Neyra-Rivera; Jose S.  Lazarte; Ericson L Gutierrez; Fernando M. Runzer Colmenares; José F. Parodi

doi:10.25176/RFMH.v23i2.5650

Authors

Andrés Cabrera Gamonal Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Lima, Peru. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2214-0587
Carlos D. Neyra-Rivera Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Lima, Peru. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1594-4947
Jose S. Lazarte Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Lima, Peru. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5870-0315
Ericson L Gutierrez Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Lima, Peru. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4725-6284
Fernando M. Runzer Colmenares CHANGE Research Working Group, Degree in Human Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4045-0260
José F. Parodi Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de San Martín de Porres. Centro de Investigación del Envejecimiento (CIEN). Lima, Peru. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0336-0584

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25176/RFMH.v23i2.5650

Keywords:

Elderly, Cognitive impairment, Naval Medicine, Geriatrics, Peru

Abstract

Introduction: Older adults are susceptible to malnutrition and vitamin deficiency. Objective: To determine the association between the low level of vitamin B12 and cognitive deterioration in older adults from the Naval Medical Center, located in Lima-Peru, in the period 2010-2015. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out, based on a secondary analysis of the Texas-Cemena UTMB 2010-2015 database of the Center for Research on Aging (CIEN) of the University of San Martín de Porres. To quantify the cognitive impairment variable, the MiniMental Test was used. To analyze the association, the Chi-square test and Poisson regression were performed. Results: 57.6% of the patients were male and the mean age was 78 ± 8.4. 41.2% presented cognitive deterioration and 9.5% of the patients presented vitamin B12 deficiency. The factors independently associated with cognitive impairment were a history of cerebrovascular disease (PR= 1.38 95% CI [1.24-1.53]), depression (PR= 1.88 95% CI [1.80-1 .97]) and vitamin B12 deficiency (PR = 1.10 95% CI [1.01-1.20]). Conclusions: In the present study, an association was found between a low level of vitamin B12 and cognitive deterioration in older adults.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Vera M. Significado de la calidad de vida del adulto mayor para sí mismo y para su familia. An Fac med. 2013;68(3):284.

Estado de la población peruana 2020 [Internet]. INEI; 2020. Disponible en: https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1743/Libro.pdf1

Kozyraki R, Cases O. Vitamin B12 absorption: Mammalian physiology and acquired and inherited disorders. Biochimie. 2013;95(5):1002-7.

Selhub J, Bagley LC, Miller J, Rosenberg IH. B vitamins, homocysteine, and neurocognitive function in the elderly. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71(2):614S-620S.

Vázquez-Pedrazuela M, Canton-Álvarez M, De-la-Fuente-Hontañon M, Soloaga-Morales A, Collazos-del Castillo J Sertal-Parcero R. El déficit de vitamina B12 y ácido fólico en la población mayor de 65 años: estudio descriptivo. Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología. 2012;47(6):259-61.

Beltrán B, Carbajal A, Cuadrado C, Varela-Moreiras G, Ruiz-Roso B, Martín ML, et al. Nutrición y salud en personas de edad avanzada en europa. Estudio SENECA’s FINALE en españa. 2. Estilo de vida. Estado de salud y nutricional. Funcionalidad física y mental. Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología. 2001;36(2):82-93.

OMS. EL ADULTO MAYOR [Internet]. 2000. Disponible en: http://catarina.udlap.mx/u_dl_a/tales/documentos/lar/dionne_e_mf/capitulo1.pdf

Runzer-Colmenares FM, Samper-Ternent R, Al Snih S, Ottenbacher KJ, Parodi JF, Wong R. Prevalence and factors associated with frailty among Peruvian older adults. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2014;58(1):69-73. 10.3390/ijerph18084251

Vinyoles E, Vila J, Argimon JM, Espinàs J, Abos T, Limón E, et al. Concordancia entre el Mini-Examen Cognoscitivo y el Mini-Mental State Examination en el cribado del déficit cognitivo. Aten Primaria. 2002; 30(1):5-13. 10.3390/nu12061865/

Wang H-X, Wahlin A, Basun H, Fastbom J, Winblad B, Fratiglioni L. Vitamin B12 and folate in relation to the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology. 2001;56(9):1188-94.

Goebels N, Soyka M. Dementia Associated With Vitamin B12 Deficiency. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2000;12(3):389–94. https://doi.org/10.1176/jnp.12.3.389

Meertens L, Solano L. Vitamina B12, ácido fólico y función mental. Invest Clin. 2005; 46(1): 53-63.

Vogel T, Dali-Youcef N, Kaltenbach G, Andrés E. Homocysteine, vitamin B 12, folate and cognitive functions: a systematic and critical review of the literature. International Journal of Clinical Practice. 2009;63(7):1061-7.

Aguilar-Navarro S, Carbajal-Silva J, Palacios-Hernández M, Gutiérrez-Gutierrez L, Ávila-Funes J, Mimenza-Alvarado A. Asociación entre los niveles de vitamina B12 y el deterioro cognitivo en personas mayores. Gac Med Mex. 2023; 159:32-37

Silva D, Albers U, Santana I, Vicente M, Martins IP, Verdelho A, et al. Do MCI patients with vitamin B12 deficiency have distinctive cognitive deficits? BMC Res Notes. 2013;6(1):357.

16. Sashindran VK, Aggarwal V, Khera A. Prevalence of Vitamin B12 deficiency in elderly population (>60 years) presenting with dementia to outpatient department. Med J Armed Forces India [Internet]. 2022;78(1):94–8. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377123720302331

17. Soh Y, Lee DH, Won CW. Association between Vitamin B12 levels and cognitive function in the elderly Korean population. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Jul 24;99(30):e21371. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000021371

Srithumsuk, W., Kabayama, M., Gondo, Y. et al. The importance of stroke as a risk factor of cognitive decline in community dwelling older and oldest peoples: the SONIC study. BMC Geriatr 20, 24 (2020). doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-1423-5

Lo Coco D, Lopez G, Corrao S. Cognitive impairment and stroke in elderly patients. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2016 Mar 24;12:105-16. doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S75306

Behrens M, Díaz V, Vásquez C, Donoso A. Demencia por déficit de vitamina B12: Caso clínico. Rev méd Chile 2003; 131(8).

Li, S., Guo, Y., Men, J. et al. The preventive efficacy of vitamin B supplements on the cognitive decline of elderly adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr 21, 367 (2021). doi: 10.1186/s12877-021-02253-3

Zhibin Wang, Wei Zhu, Yi Xing, Jianping Jia, Yi Tang, B vitamins and prevention of cognitive decline and incident dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Nutrition Reviews, Volume 80, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 931–949. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab057