Clinical and radiological profile of patients with Stroke in a terciary centre on Luanda, Angola

Perfil clínico y radiológico de los pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular en un centro terciario de Luanda, Angola

Abstract

Introduction Cerebral Vascular Acident (CVA) or Stroke is a sudden onset syndrome characterized by focal or global changes in the brain funcion as consequence of a desorder of vascular origin witen a development longer than 24 hours. Depending or the nature of the injury, it can be Ischemic or Hemorrhsgic. The latter way be intraparenchymator or subarachnoid. Stroke is the second leading cause of death adult disability in the world. There are several risk factos associated with the above mentioned disease, among them the hypertension. There is an exponential increase in cases of fore mentioned disease as well as in the prevalence of risk factos in population.

Objective: To know clinical and radiological profile of patients treated at Sagrada Esperança Clinic, from January to December 2018.

Materials and Methods: The universe of study consisted of all the files of patients admitted from january 1st to December 31 st, 2018, with the following release diagnostic codes: I60 ( subarachnoid Hemorrhage), I61 ( Intracerebral Hemorrhage), I62 ( Other non-traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage), I63 ( Cerebral Infarction), I64 (not specified), G45 (Transient Ischemic Stroke and Correlated syndromes), making up a total a 312 listed patients, of which 211 were excluded by having a history of the disease being studied, 18 due to misdiagnosis in the process and 8 cases were lost due to non exam sor reports on the severs. There were 75 cases for the study.

Results: from the total number of cases studied which is 75, the most prevalent age group was from 41-60 years old which makes up 45%, the average age was 58,8 ± 13 years old, the male gender represented 45 cases (60%); Blacks were predominant with 64 cases (89%). Ischemic stroke was the most frequent with 42 cases (56%), the average hospitalization was the most prevalente deficit in both Isquemic VCA, with 18 cases (9%), and 4 patients (5%) died. The widdle cerebral arrtery área was the most affected in both Isquemic 23 cases (30,7%) and Intraparenchymal Hemorrhagie Strokes 17 cases (53,1%) and subarachnnoid 2 cases (3,7%).

Conclusion Most patients were 40-80 years old, male and black. Stroke was more frequent, and the most affected área was the middle cerebral artery, with the most frequent deficit being hemiparesis and facial paresis; The most aommon risk factor was Hypertension. In regards to the lenth of stay mosto f them were in the clinic from 5-9 days and few of them died.